Breeding & Reproduction

Stud Dog Contracts and Fees: Terms Every Stud Owner and Bitch Owner Should Agree On

Updated October 7, 2026 · 6 min read · By the BreedBloom team
A stud agreement is a small contract with a long tail: the puppies it produces will carry both kennel names for a lifetime. Agree on the fee, the misses and the paperwork before the bitch arrives.
Educational information only
This article provides general educational information about issues people may consider in breeder transactions. It is not legal advice or a statement that any particular term is lawful or enforceable. Requirements vary by location and circumstances. BreedBloom does not provide agreement wording or review users' agreements.

Before agreeing to the breeding

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    Both dogs' health testing exchanged and verified (OFA numbers, DNA panels).
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    Brucellosis test on both dogs within 30 days; it is transmissible and devastating.
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    Registration papers checked: full registration, DNA profile on file where the registry requires it for frequently used sires.
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    Pedigree review and COI of the proposed mating.

The fee

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    Cash fee: amount and when paid (commonly at the time of breeding, sometimes at whelping).
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    Pick of the litter: which pick (first, second), who chooses when, and what happens with a litter of one or two.
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    A common fallback: fee equals the price of one puppy at the breeder's usual price.

Return service

State what happens if the bitch does not conceive: a free repeat breeding on the next heat is standard, usually to the same bitch, sometimes with conditions (progesterone timing was used, the bitch was examined). State whether a litter of one counts as a litter.

Breeding method and logistics

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    Natural, side-by-side AI, fresh-chilled shipped, or frozen. Who collects, who ships, who pays shipping and the veterinary fees at each end.
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    Number of ties or inseminations included.
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    Where the bitch stays if she boards with the stud owner, and the care standard.

Paperwork

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    The stud owner signs the litter registration application; state that signature is given promptly on payment.
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    Who can register the litter and under whose kennel name.
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    Any conditions on the placement of puppies (e.g. no puppies to be sold to brokers, pet puppies on limited registration).
Three common problems
A missed brucellosis test, a stud owner who delays signing the litter application, and a "pick of the litter" with no definition of pick are problems that come up often. Clear written terms on each can reduce misunderstandings.
BreedBloom records the stud, the fee terms and the breeding on the litter, so the paperwork and the finance entry are in the same place when the puppies arrive.

Frequently asked questions

How much is a stud fee?

Commonly the price of one puppy from the litter, either as cash or as pick of the litter. It varies with the sire's titles, health testing and demand.

What is a return service?

A free repeat breeding if the bitch does not conceive, usually on her next heat, subject to conditions set in the contract.

Do stud dogs need a brucellosis test?

Yes. Both the stud and the bitch should test negative within about 30 days of the breeding. Brucellosis causes abortion and infertility and is transmissible to people.
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